Engine construction.



J.' COCHAND.

ENGINE CONSTRUCTION. A'PPLIcATIoII FILED Aue.5. I9II.

I SHEETSS'HEET'Z.

vylrl-z/z/emse s y 'Inventor 2M mb@ J. COCHAND.

ENGINE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION man AuG.5, 19m- 'Panted Een 29, 1916.I

3 SHEETS-S'HEET 3.

D O L1. L L C U il* n Y om/w13 @ist r,

I uNiTEDsTATEs PATENT OFFICE:

JULES cocn'ANn, cs zUnIcavswImzEnLANn,AssIGrNoRfmo-BUSCH-SULZENBROS.-

' massi.V ENGINE COMPANY', or sfr.' Louis, Missonnn` conPoRAusIoNfor mssonni.

i. To all it may concern .711

' Be it known that 1,-.J`ULEs Coor'IAND, a

vsubject -off-the Swiss Republic, residing-at Klaufsstrasse 19, Zurich V, in the Canton `of Zurich, "Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine Construction, of which the following is a full, true, and concise specification.

. 'This invention 1s an improved construc-A tion of engine, in `which the cylindrical walls of the engine cylinder or cylinders are, re-

.I lieved of the endwise and other complicated stresses occasioned by the expansion or combustion .of the charge within the cylinder or by differences inits thermal expansion, and in which the necessity/for large" and intricate castings is eliminated and resulting economies .in engine construction and eiciency. are obtained.

In the drawmgs the invention-fis illu-s-VY trated in connection with a two-cycle inter nal combustion engine, with which type the invention is most usefully employed, although it will be understood that it may be employe'dwith advantage in anyjty` e-,iof engine. In the two cycle'enginetheglocationl.` of the exhaust and 'scaiienging 'portsinthe side-walls of the cylinder' tends to weaken `the middle portion thereof and render -it unsuitable for vw-itlfistanding the strain of the expandingcombustible', unless Ithe cylin' y der is cast with considerable massl of metal around the-portslits, and such construction isga'pt to be unreliable by reason of the unequaltemperatures to whichthe different parts arefsubjected, and the corresponding unequal expansions and contractions resulting therefrom.

The present invention l relieves Athe cylinder walls of the duty of resisting the eX- parisien` force and 'thereby' permits themito be made'` of lighter and less complicated constructiom,:especially around the port'- slits, and produces various other beneficial results .which will be apparent '-tol those skilled in the art from -a consideration of the description .and claims which follow.-

Invv thesaidfdrawings, Figure 1-` is an end elevation with parts insection' on lineI--I yofI Fig. 3; Fig. 2 -is'a sidelelevation ofthe en'g'ne illustratedin Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a' pla'nview of the same.

A The engine is formed of abed'o'r founday tion plate 3, upon which' the crank-shaft 45 is journaled in suitable bearings. The cyl- Specification lof Letters Patent.

#ENGINE coNstrnUcrIvoN..

A inders .15,iwhich maybe separately formed, I

Y Patented Fence, A1916. Application :filed` August 5,1911. Serial No. 642,434. 'A v cured to the latter4 and hold the vcylinders by connections therewith at their comb'us' tion ends, preferably by direct engagement with the lseveral cylinder .heads 7 The opposite'ends ofthe cylinders thus occupy the space between the rods, projecting inwardly toward the crank-shaft, being laterally, supported by engagement/ with or' upon the rods, whereby they may expand` freely towardthe crank-shaft.

The head 7- of eaehcylinder is vseparately 4 formed and is provided with proyecting lugs 11, by which it is connected to the rods '6, the latter being provided with shoulders v v1,5 and nuts 17 for this purpose. Ordinarily fourrods will be sufficient for one cylinder "head, and it will-be understoodl that the valve-.mechanism may be mounted directly upon the head if desired.' Each Icylinder 5 may be secured to its respective head 7 by A .means of an annular series'of bolts 12 ex'- tending through the head and into the cylindrical-wall of the cylinder for any suitable distance, being preferably tapped-'therein as shown.

Each cylinder is provided with appropriate scavenging and exhaust passages 8;` midway of its length and'is or may be water-v Acooled as shown in Fig. 1. The rodsG may be secured tot-he'bed-plate in any suitable manner, as for instance in the manner shown in thedrawings wherein the bed- Jhe'ad, its fixed position with respect to the crank-shaft is thus determined.

AEach cylinder'.v is provided .with integrally formed lugs 18 located near the crank end of the cylinder and which are adapted Vto engage the Iods l6to form :the lateral support therefor, for the purposeA of preventing yibrati'on and lateral displacement 'of the cylinder. `Such-support, however, is not intended to sustain the cylinder lagainst longitudinal strain, and 'for this purpose ico the lugs are fastened to the rods in such manner that they may move thereon, serving merely as steadying guides.

ln the engine illustrated, each of the cylinders is supported by four rods G and consequently each cylinder is provided with four guides i8 and each cylinder head is provided with four lugs l1. It will be nnderstood that the numbe and position of the guides 1G and the lugs 11, may be varied as desired.

In the multicjvlindcr engine shown the cylinders are bilaterally sylmnetrical with reference to the disposition of the guides as shown in Fig. 8, and each guide has a dat face provided with a semi-cylindrical groove by which it` has engagement with its rod. The flat faces of the guides on one cylinder are adapted to engage the correspond ing `faces of the guides of adjacent cyiinders and to be bolted together with the rods between them, as shown clearly in Fig. Q wherein the bolts are marlted i). In like manner each cylinder head 7 is bi-laterally symmetrical, with reference to the disposition of its supporting lugs 1l, and each lug is formed with a flat face provided with a rod confining groove, so that it may be se cured to the correapomling lug of an adjacent cylinder head with the rod betu'een them and both resting on the shoulder 15 and clamped thereon by the nut l?.

With the foregoing arrangement the separate cylinders are succ `ly secured to each other and mviiiperate with the rods ti to form a rigid and still' structure which will not be subject to distortion by lateral vibra-A tions. It will be understood that the rods t may be secured to the foundation or that. other means may be employed for securing the foundation plate in place on the foundation.

The outer lugs 1l, and the outer guides 18 ofI cach of the outer cylinders of an assem bled series. such as is shown in Fig. 2, are provided with plates 23 and 21, which are respectively bolted in place on the lugs and guides, so that they cooperate with them in engaging the rods G and in holding the end cylinders in place.

Acrank-case is located between the crank ends of the cylinders 5 and the bed plate 3. The case may be formed of sheet metal, appropriately secured at one end to the plate V3, and at the other to the crank ends of thc cylinders. The function of the case is primarily to inclose the crankshaft and pistonrods and provide a splash casing for the engine, but it will be evident that it can also be relied upon to reinforce the rods G in a lateral direction. By separatelv forming the cylinder heads and the cylindrical portions of the cylinders and by making each cylinder lui-laterally symmetrical so that it is interchangeable with each of the other cylinders, the cost of construction and lassemblingis materially decreased.

It will be observed that the rods 6 are exposed to approximately constant temperature and are consequently of substantially uniform dimensions at all times, and therefore the position of the cylinder heads 7 is substantially fixed under all conditions of variations inthe working temperatures of the cylinders. The clearance spaces within the cylinders are thus maintainedconstant, and the setting of the valve mechanisms which are secured to or carried by the cylinder heads is not liable to disarrangement.

It will be apparent that the crosssec- A tional area of the rods G may be varied, or

that other means may be employed for securing the combustion end of the cylinders in place and relieving the cylinders of the longitudinal stresses occasioned by the working force of the motive fluid Within the cylinders. It will also be apparent that the form and arrangement of the guides 18 may be varied and that the guides may be separately formed and secured to the cylinders in any suitable manner, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

Claims 1. In an internalcombustion engine, a bedplate, an upright u'ater-jaclieted cylinder having a head and mounted above and spaced from the bed-plate and upstanding means on the bed-plate secured to the upper end of the said cylinder for holding the same in place, the said means being outside the cylinder Watenjacket and the lou'er endof v said cylinder being free to expand toward the bed-plate.

ln lan engine the combination with the bed plate, cylinder and cylinder-head, of upstanding means for supporting the cylin-y der-head on the bed-plate independently of the support of the cylinder and separate means for securing the cylinder to its head.

3. An upright combustion engine comprising a frame or bed-plate supporting a Set.

of rods or columns, a combustion cylinder having a head and also provided with a water-picket between said rods, and being secured by its head end to the set of rods andhaving its crankshaft end free for endwise expansion and contraction.

el. A combustion engine comprising a frame supporting a set of rods or columns1 a combustion cylinder having a Water-jacket between said rods, the cylinder being secured to the set of rods by its combustion end, and having its crankshaft end laterally steadied by engagement with the rods and free for endwise movement relatively thereto.

5. A combustion engine comprising a bed plate supporting a set of rods or columns1 a canlt-casing on the bed-plate .surrounding the columns, and a combustion cylinder having a head and secured by its combustion end to the set of rods above the casingandhaving its crank-shaft end -free to expandand cony,

tract endwise within the casing, the cylinder having a water-jacket between the rods.

6. A combustion engine comprisin'ga bed or foundation plate, a casting, including a combustion cylinder and *a water-jacket therefor, and a set of rods'or columns secured to the bed-plate and/to the combustion end of said. casting, whereby fthe crankshaft end thereof is free to'expand and contract `endwise, means for laterally supporting this end ofthe .casting and'means for inclosing the space between this end of the casting and the bed plate. Y

7. A multicylinder combustion engine comprisinga support for the crankshaft bearings, a set of rods or columns mounted thereon, a series of combustion cylinders sup-y ported by their combustion ends upon the series of rods With their crankshaft ends vfree to expand and contract endwise, the rods between adjacentcylinders forming a'support commento both of them. l

"8., A multicylinder combustion engine comprising a bed-plate having a set of upright rods mounted thereon, a series of cyllnders and means including the heads of such cylinders for securing the cylinders to the rods, the crankshaft ends of said cylinders being free vfor independent endwise move- 'ment -and means forA laterally supporting'.

these ends of the cylinders upon the rods.

9. A- mnlticylinder `combustion engine comprising" acrank-shaft and a support for l 'same having twoparallel rows oflupright.

rods or columns, in combination with a series of 'combustion cylinders provided with means including` their vrespective cylinder' heads adapted to coact each with the like j means ofr adjacent cylinders, to-clasp thev upper'portions of the rods between them whereby the cylinders are supported by theiry combustion ends upon the rds,'and similar coacting means on the adjacent cylinders for engaging the saidrods and supporting vthe cylinders against lateral displacement.

10. In apparatus of the kinddescribed a bed-plate provided with bearings 'for a crank-shaft and socketed to receive 'and sup-- port a set of upright lrods or columns, a

' cylinder having ay head and secured by lat-- eral lugs 'a its upper end to said set of rodsl n and being free at its lower end to move endspecification in the presence of two witnesses.

- J. COCHAND.

`vWitnesses: l CARL GUBLER, AUGUST RIVEGG. 

